Solenoid valves are electromagnetically controlled industrial equipment used in industrial control systems to adjust the direction, flow, speed and other parameters of the medium. There are many kinds of solenoid valves. Different solenoid valves play different roles in the control system. The most common ones are check valves, safety valves, directional control valves, speed control valves, etc. The solenoid valve is controlled by the electromagnetic effect, and the main control mode is controlled by the relay. In this way, the solenoid valve can be combined with different circuits to achieve the desired control, and the precision and flexibility of the control can be guaranteed. The rod-shaped object is an electrically controlled valve stem that can be opened or closed by electromagnetic force.

The pneumatic system is taken as an example to illustrate the application of the solenoid valve in industrial control. The so-called pneumatic system is a gas-based control system. In pneumatic systems, the medium of this energy is usually air. In actual use, the volume of air in the atmosphere is usually compressed to increase its pressure. Compressed air works primarily by acting on pistons or blades.

In pneumatic systems, the role of the solenoid valve is to adjust the various states of the compressed air in the control system according to the requirements of the control. The pneumatic system also needs the cooperation of other components, including the power components, actuators, switches, display devices and other auxiliary devices. equipment. The power components include various compressors, and the actuators include various cylinders. These are all indispensable parts of a pneumatic system. The valve body is an important device for the control algorithm to be realized.

For example, the check valve allows compressed air to enter the gas tank from the compressor. When the compressor is closed, the compressed air is prevented from flowing in the opposite direction. When the pressure in the gas storage tank exceeds the allowable limit, the compressed air can be discharged; the directional control valve passes. The two ports of the cylinder are alternately pressurized and exhausted to control the direction of motion; the speed regulating valve can easily realize the stepless speed regulation of the actuator.

The solenoid valve can be applied not only to pneumatic systems, but also to the same or similar applications in hydraulic systems and water pressure systems, such as low-power, non-oil-filled small electromagnetic reversing valves. Seals do not need to be supplied with oil. The gas does not pollute the environment and can be used in food, medicine, electronics and other industries.

Electromagnetic reversing valve

Now, solenoid valve technology combined with control technology, computer technology, and electronic technology has been able to perform a variety of complex controls. For example, the solenoid valve can be applied in the field of intelligent control and applied in wireless control technology. Because the solenoid valve can be controlled by electromagnetic, it can interface well with various electronic systems, which is one of the main reasons for its wide application.

Solenoid valves have been widely used in various fields of production. With the improvement of electromagnetic control technology and manufacturing processes, solenoid valves can achieve more sophisticated control, and play a role in realizing different pneumatic systems and hydraulic systems.

In recent years, with the development of large-scale integrated circuits, programmable controllers with microprocessors as the core have been rapidly developed, such as motor operation control, solenoid valve opening and closing, product counting, temperature and pressure, etc. Programmable controllers are playing an increasingly important role in setting and control.

The Programmable Logical Controller, abbreviated as PC or PLC, is an industrial control device invented in the late 1960s. The Japan Electric Control Society has defined a programmable controller: a programmable controller is a control program that combines logic operations, sequence control, timing and counting, and arithmetic operations into a memory in the form of a series of instructions, and then Stored control content, through analog and digital input and output components, devices that control production equipment and production processes.

PLC is developed based on computer technology and automatic control theory. It is different from ordinary computer and general computer control system. As a special form of computer control device, it is composed of system structure, hardware composition and software. Structures and I/O channels, the user interface has its own particularities.

In principle, the programmable controller and the computer are consistent. In order to adapt to the industrial control, the PLC works by scanning principle, that is, scanning the entire program over and over again until it stops. The reason for this mode of operation is that the PLC is developed by relay control, and the CPU scans the user program for much shorter time than the relay's action time. As long as the cyclic scan method is used, the contradiction can be solved. The way circular scanning works is an important aspect of distinguishing PLC from ordinary computer control systems.

Although the composition of various PLCs is different, they are basically the same in structure, and are generally composed of a CPU, a memory, an input/output device (I/O), and other optional components. Other optional components include programmers, external memory, analog I/O disks, communication interfaces, expansion interfaces, and more. The CPU is the core of the PLC. It is used to input various commands, complete the predetermined tasks, and play the role of the brain. Advanced control algorithms such as self-tuning, predictive control and fuzzy control have also been applied in the CPU; the memory includes random Memory RAM and read-only memory ROM usually cure the program and all fixed parameters in ROM. RAM provides space for storing real-time data and calculating intermediate variables for program operation; input/output system (I/O) makes process status and The parameters are input to the PLC channel and the channel of the real-time control signal output. These channels can have analog input, analog output, digital input, digital output, pulse input, etc., which makes the PLC widely used.

Early PLCs were mainly used for sequential control. The so-called sequential control is to make the various actuators of the production process automatically follow the sequence according to the sequence of the process flow under the action of the control signal. The application of PLC has greatly promoted the development of assembly line technology.

Today's PLCs have begun to be used for closed-loop control. Not only that, but with the development of its expansion capabilities and communication capabilities, it is increasingly being applied to complex distributed control systems. Since the introduction of PLC in 1969, it has continued to use new technologies and new devices in accordance with mature and effective relay control concepts and design ideas, and has gradually become a relatively independent emerging technology. The various series of products with characteristics have also gradually developed into an effective and convenient way to solve automation problems. PLC has its own perfect functions, modular structure, and easy development, convenient operation, stable performance, high reliability and high cost performance, making its application prospects in industrial production more promising, and with integration With the development of circuits and the advent of the network era, PLC will surely have a greater use.

The major PLC manufacturers are now concentrated in developed countries such as Japan and the United States, and the domestic production and manufacturing of PLC technology is still behind these countries. As an indispensable part of industrial automation, the development of PLC is very important for China and has far-reaching significance.

Computers have dramatically changed our lives in the last few decades. In the industry, computers have also been applied accordingly, which is industrial computers. The so-called industrial computer, in simple terms, is the application of computers in the industry, and it is precisely because the application is in the industry, industrial computers and ordinary computers have different characteristics.

The use of industrial computers is not used. It is mainly used for industrial control and testing. A typical application of an industrial computer is to obtain external data through a standard serial port (RS232/485 serial port), through the calculation of the internal microprocessor of the computer, and finally through the display or through the serial port output, thus, in the industry On the computer, we implement a calculation process. Obviously, this is completely different from the entertainment, office and programming applications of ordinary computers.

In addition, the components of an industrial computer are different. Industrial computers work differently, and inevitably lead to different components and general-purpose computers. For example, an industrial computer can have no display screen, and can have multiple serial ports. The CPU is a dedicated industrial control CPU, and the system board used is small. All of the above features reflect the difference in the composition of the two computers. Due to the harsh environment of industrial control, special components are often required to constitute a computer for industrial control. For example, in some cases a relatively wide operating temperature is required, many industrial computers can operate in the temperature range of minus 20 to 80 degrees; in other cases, devices with better stability, such as devices that resist strong interference, are required. . These characteristics are closely related to the use of industrial computers. It is also because of the variety of functions, different industrial computers have different interfaces, and the versatility is worse than ordinary computers.

The software system of an industrial computer is different from a normal computer. Industrial computer software systems are relatively single, mainly to achieve a specific function, and because industrial computers usually use processors that are not very fast, the programming requirements are relatively high. Industrial computers typically use a simulation environment to develop programs and operate offline. Ordinary computers have a large number of general-purpose applications, the speed of the processor is very fast, and the software development system is completely on the machine, without the support of other environments.

Industrial computer interface

There are two aspects to things, and industrial computers have more similar characteristics to ordinary computers. For example, although they use different CPUs, these CPUs are still the same product series and have the same internal structure; the bus structures of the two computers are basically the same, many industrial computers are simplified versions of general-purpose computers; and many industrial computers have and The same or compatible interface of a normal computer.

Below we use a data acquisition system as an example to illustrate the actual process of developing an industrial computer. First, we investigate the goals we need to develop. Through this goal, we choose the typical structure of an industrial computer, choose the CPU and peripheral circuits used by the industrial control. Then select the emulator, debugger, and develop the main control program on the PC. In the development process of the program, it is necessary to design a program for acquiring signals, a program for analyzing signals, a stored program, and the like. Finally, we burned the completed program into the ROM on the industrial computer, and then removed the peripheral emulator and debugging tools, so that a complete industrial computer can be put into use.

Nowadays, industrial computers have become one of the indispensable devices in industrial applications. It has the characteristics of computers and the practicality of industrial equipment, which will play an irreplaceable role in the future automation process.

The microcontroller integrates a central processing unit, random access memory, program memory, timers, and various I/O interfaces on a single piece of silicon, that is, a computer integrated on a single chip. The main features of the MCU are small size, light weight, coupled with good anti-interference and reliability, MCU has become one of the indispensable devices for industrial control.

Since its inception in 1976, microcontrollers have grown tremendously. Nowadays, the more popular MCUs are Intel's MCS51/96 and Motorola's MC series, Zilog's Z8 series, and there are more new and more powerful MCUs.

The difference between a single-chip microcomputer and a general-purpose computer lies in its integration, so that the single-chip microcomputer sacrifices universality in a broad sense, and is mainly applied to industrial control or integrated in products. The development of such single-chip performance cannot be compared with ordinary computers, but for industrial applications, the speed of the single-chip microcomputer is sufficient, and it has its application to industrial applications.

The core part of the MCU is the central processing unit (CPU). The CPU mainly includes two parts: the arithmetic unit and the controller. The arithmetic unit mainly includes the accumulator, the register group and the arithmetic logic unit, which are the core of the processing capability. The controller is the command core of the computer, including the instruction component, the timing component, and the micro-operation control component. Its function is to complete the data exchange inside and outside the CPU. Unlike ordinary computers, the single-chip computer adopts the Harvard-type architecture, while the ordinary computer uses the Neumann-type structure, that is, the single-chip microcomputer uses data and program memory separation, while the general-purpose computer uses the same storage space. . The storage of MCU is divided into RAM and ROM. Among them, ROM includes PROU, EPROM, EEPROM and other different types. The program is usually stored in ROM, and the rich storage type makes MCU more suitable for different occasions in industry. . What's important is that the microcontroller also has a strong storage expansion capability and the ability to meet different storage needs.

The built-in timer and I/O interface inside the microcontroller are an indispensable part. The timer is easy to use, the control method is flexible, and the accuracy can fully meet the needs of general industrial control. The I/O system of the MCU is rich in type and has strong input and output capability. The characteristics of the timer and I/O are also a major feature of the MCU.

The development of single-chip microcomputer is mainly at the assembly level, so that the development of the program for the microcontroller is still a relatively complicated application. Although the instruction system of a microcontroller is very similar to that of a normal computer system, it also has its own special instructions. For example, the bit addressing of the MCS series MCU is a unique addressing mode, which also enhances the ability of this type of MCU to deal with Boolean algebra. In addition, the instruction format of the microcontroller is also quite special. The main development work of the MCU is focused on the interface technology, which is to extend the external functions for the MCU. The interface technology of the single chip microcomputer mainly includes parallel interface, serial interface, digital-to-analog converter and analog-to-digital converter and interface expansion technology. Through these extensions, the microcontroller gains the ability to interact and also enables internal processing capabilities to be effectively utilized. The development of single-chip microcomputers has emerged today, and many high-level language development tools have emerged. These systems have been rapidly developed on a higher platform through simulation, paving the way for the widespread application of single-chip microcomputers.

The main purpose of the microcontroller is to apply it. The following examples can be used to see its wide range of applications. The measurement and control applied to industry is one of the main functions of the single chip microcomputer. The MCU has a wealth of I/O lines, and a larger part of such MCUs are used in the automotive industry, making the car more intelligent in local processing. In the local processing of the car, the single-chip microcomputer plus the sensor, coupled with a fixed algorithm, can adjust the vehicle condition without the driver's unconsciousness. In addition, with the enhancement of the performance of the microcontroller, the microcontroller is also widely used in computer networks and communication technologies.

Microcontrollers are ubiquitous, more relevant to our lives and penetrate into every aspect of life. The characteristics of the single-chip microcomputer are small, that is, its integrated characteristics, and its internal structure is a simplification of the ordinary computer system. After adding some peripheral circuits, you can become a complete system. For example, one of the commonly used electronic scales, a microcontroller is installed inside, and sensors, displays and some additional circuits are used to form an application system. So the scalability of the microcontroller is quite good. Another example is a computer IF electrotherapy device such as K85, which can acquire data from patients and then select from several treatment prescriptions according to the existing algorithm. In each prescription, the intermediate frequency and waveform can be changed according to the patient's condition. Output current strength. This shows that the microcontroller itself has a powerful processing similar to that of an ordinary computer, which can add complex algorithms and obtain strong data processing capabilities. The single-chip microcomputer can also be applied to a computer sewing machine, so that the single-chip microcomputer can replace many mechanical parts, and can also provide many patterns that cannot be realized by an old-fashioned sewing machine. Therefore, the application of the single-chip microcomputer in the industry greatly improves the intelligence of the industrial equipment, improves the processing capability and the processing efficiency, and does not require a large space and complicated equipment.

MCU has played a huge role in facilitating production and life. In the future construction of socialist industrialization, MCU will undoubtedly play a greater role.

The relay is a kind of control device commonly used in our life. In the popular sense, it is a switch that is turned off or on when the conditions are met. The switching characteristics of relays are widely used in many control systems, especially discrete control systems. On the other hand, because the electronic circuit designed for a certain application eventually needs to interact with some mechanical equipment more or less, the relay also functions as an interface between electronic equipment and mechanical equipment.

The most common relays are thermal relays. The commonly used thermal relays are suitable for AC 50Hz, 60Hz, rated voltage up to 660V, and rated current up to 80A for overload protection of AC motors. It has a differential mechanism and a temperature compensation link that can be plugged into a specific AC contactor.

Time relay is also a kind of relay which is very commonly used. Its function is as a delay element. Usually it can be used as a delay element in the control circuit of AC 50Hz, 60Hz, voltage to 380V, DC to 220V, and it is turned on according to the predetermined time. Or break the circuit. It can be widely used in electric drive systems, automatic program control systems and time control functions in automatic control systems of various production processes.

Intermediate relays commonly used in control are commonly used for relay control, signal transmission, and isolation amplification. In addition, current relays are used to limit current and voltage relays for voltage control, static voltage relays, phase sequence voltage relays, phase sequence voltage difference relays, frequency relays, power direction relays, differential relays, grounding relays, motor protection relays, etc. Wait. It is with these different types of relays that we are able to control different physical quantities and complete a complete control system.

In addition to the traditional relays, the relay technology is also applied in other aspects. For example, the motor intelligent protector is developed based on the working principle of the three-phase AC motor and analyzes the main cause of motor damage. It is a unique design. Reliable multi-function protector can cut off the power supply in time when the fault occurs, and it is easy to realize the maintenance and maintenance of the motor. The product has phase loss protection, short circuit and overload protection function, suitable for all kinds of AC motors, switch cabinets, and The safety protection and power-limiting control of electrical equipment such as electric boxes are the preferred supporting products for the design and installation of various electrical equipment. The installation size, wiring method and current adjustment of this technology are the same as those of the same type of bimetal thermal relay. It is an advanced electronic product that directly replaces the replacement of bimetal thermal relays. And its real principle is relay technology.

Relay technology has evolved to date and has been combined with computer technology to produce programmable controller technology. The programmable controller is referred to as PLC. It is an advanced device that uses microcomputer technology directly for automatic control. It has the advantages of high reliability, strong anti-interference, complete functions, small size, flexible and expandable, direct and simple software, convenient maintenance and beautiful appearance. In the past, the elevator controlled elevator has several hundred contacts to control the operation of the elevator. If there is a bad contact contact, it will cause malfunction and maintenance is quite troublesome. There are hundreds of solid state relays inside the PLC controller, dozens of timers/counters, with power-off memory function, photoelectric isolation of input and output, control system. The fault is only 10% of the relay control mode. Because of this, the relevant state departments have clearly stipulated that from 1997 onwards, new elevators should not use relays to control elevators, and switch to PLC microcomputers to control elevators.

It can be seen that relay technology is ubiquitous in daily life, and the close integration with the computer enhances its vitality, making the relay better serve our lives.

Hydraulic transmission control is a type of control that is often used in the industry. It uses hydraulics to complete the process of transferring energy. Because of the flexibility and convenience of the hydraulic transmission control method, hydraulic control has received extensive attention in the industry. Hydraulic transmission is the study of the use of pressurized fluids as an energy medium to achieve a variety of mechanical and automatic control disciplines. Hydraulic transmission uses this component to form the various control loops required, and then several loops are organically combined into a transmission system that performs certain control functions to complete energy transfer, conversion and control.

In principle, the most basic principle on which hydraulic transmission is based is the Pascal principle, that is, the pressure across the liquid is uniform, so that in a balanced system, the pressure exerted on the smaller piston is relatively small, and The pressure exerted on the large piston is also relatively large, which keeps the liquid stationary. Therefore, through the transfer of the liquid, different pressures at different ends can be obtained, so that a transformation can be achieved. The hydraulic jacks we often use are using this principle to achieve force transmission.

Basic principle of hydraulic transmission

The components required in the hydraulic transmission mainly include power components, actuator components, control components, auxiliary components, and the like. Among them, the hydraulic power component is a component that generates power for the hydraulic system, and mainly includes various hydraulic pumps. Hydraulic pumps rely on the principle of volume change to work, so they are also commonly referred to as volumetric hydraulic pumps. A gear pump is the most common type of hydraulic pump that moves liquid through the rotation of two meshing gears. Other hydraulic pumps include vane pumps and plunger pumps. The main issues to be aware of when selecting a hydraulic pump include energy consumption, efficiency, and noise reduction.

The hydraulic actuator is used to perform the conversion of the hydraulic energy provided by the hydraulic pump into mechanical energy, mainly including a hydraulic cylinder and a hydraulic motor. A hydraulic motor is a device that works in reverse to a hydraulic pump, that is, a hydraulic energy conversion is called mechanical energy, thereby performing work externally.

Hydraulic control elements are used to control the direction of fluid flow, the level of pressure, and the expected control of the flow rate to meet specific operational requirements. It is precisely because of the flexibility of the hydraulic control components that the hydraulic control system can perform different activities. Hydraulic control components can be divided into pressure control valves, flow control valves, and directional control valves according to their applications. According to the operation mode, it can be divided into a manpower control valve, a mechanical manipulation method, an electric control valve, and the like.

In addition to the components described above, hydraulic control systems also require hydraulic auxiliary components. These components include piping and fittings, fuel tanks, filters, accumulators and seals. Through the above various devices, we can build a hydraulic circuit. The so-called hydraulic circuit is the corresponding control loop formed by various hydraulic devices. According to different control objectives, we can design different circuits, such as pressure control loop, speed control loop, multi-cylinder work control loop.

According to the structure and characteristics of the hydraulic transmission, in the design of the hydraulic system, the system analysis is first carried out, and then the schematic diagram of the system is drawn up, wherein the schematic diagram is represented by the hydraulic mechanical symbol. After that, the hydraulic device is selected by calculation, and then the system design and debugging are completed. In this process, the drawing of the schematic is the most critical. It determines the pros and cons of a design system.

The application of hydraulic transmission is very strong, such as loading and unloading the hydraulic system of the stacker. As a kind of storage machinery, it is used in modern warehouses to realize the loading and unloading mechanization of goods such as textile bags, oil drums and wooden barrels. It can also be used in the production practice of hydraulic systems such as universal cylindrical grinding machines. The characteristics of these systems are relatively large power, high production efficiency and good stability.

As a widely used technology, hydraulic pressure has broad prospects in the future. With the in-depth development of computers, hydraulic control systems can be combined with technologies such as intelligent control technology and computer-controlled technology, so that they can function in more occasions, and can be more compact and more flexible. Control tasks.

Detecting E-cigarette Stick

Electronic gadgets that employ herbal leaves are known as heat not burn goods. When you heat them, a vapour is produced.

Features:

1. Non tobacco ingredient but provide a real smoking feelings.

2. Extracted from pure natural tea, blended herbal essence.

3. No tar, no formaldehyde, and no second-hand smoke damage.

4. Strong throat hit, each puff is the ultimate taste feast.

5. TPD, MSDS, and ROHS are available,make your rest assured.

6. Work with heat but not burn device, like IQOS, LIL, JOUZ...

Detecting E Cigarette Stick,Mojito Flavor E Cigarette,Mojito Flavor E Cigarette Stick,Mojito Flavor Heat Not Burn

Mainstay (Guangdong) biotechnology Co., Ltd. , https://www.heyleme.com