Speakers can be connected in series or in parallel, or they can be connected in series and in parallel. The speakers are connected in series and in parallel to get the required impedance and power output. Resistance string parallel In series: R = R1 + R2 + ... ... Rn. Parallel: 1/R=1/R1+1/R2+...1/Rn When the speakers are connected in series or in parallel, we require the same power and impedance, preferably the same type of speakers of the same brand. The above formula is reduced to: Series: R=NR1 When the speakers are connected in series or in parallel, usually we are all in pairs. Therefore, when two speakers are connected in series, the total impedance is equal to the individual speaker impedance multiplied by 2, and when the two speakers are connected in parallel, the total impedance is equal to the individual speaker impedance divided by the number of speakers. According to the formula, the total impedance is 16 ohms when two 8 ohm speakers are connected in series. In parallel, it is 4 ohms. 　 Speaker power consumption Ohm's law, the current in a conductor is proportional to the voltage across it and inversely proportional to its resistance. This is Ohm's law. I represents the current through the conductor, U represents the voltage across the conductor, and R represents the resistance of the conductor. I=U/R The power consumption of the speaker is calculated according to the electric power: P=U2/R First look at the situation of the series Because the rated power of the speaker does not change, the rated power of the two speakers in series is the individual speaker rated power multiplied by 2. When the speakers are connected in series, the power consumption will not increase, but will decrease. This is because the impedance of the two speakers is the same, so they split the voltage of the amplifier output, that is: Single speaker power: P1=(U/2)2/R That is to say, each speaker consumes only 1/4 of the power before the series connection, and the total power consumed by the two speakers in series is only half of the power consumption of a single speaker that is not connected in series. So the sound will be smaller, but it also shows that the speaker group after the series has a lot of power potential. Look at the situation of paralleling What about series and then parallel? The four speakers are connected in series and then in parallel. The total rated power is (P1+P1)x2, which can also be understood as the sum of the rated power of 4 speakers. Because the two speakers are connected in series and then in parallel, the voltage on each speaker is still only 1/2 of the original, so the actual power consumption of these four speakers is only 1/4 of their rated power. To really push the four speakers first. And the speaker group not only needs the overall impedance and power matching of the power amplifier and the sound group, but also requires a huge current output. In theory, a power amplifier rated power is 400W (4Ω), four speakers, rated power 100W (4Ω). After the four speakers are serialized, the total impedance is still 4Ω, and their total rated power can reach 400W (4Ω). In terms of impedance matching, the parallel connection of the speakers, or series and parallel can save the number of amplifiers and save money. but! If you come back to reality, the above theory may not work. Because the live sound reinforcement is not a speaker to do various experiments. It is best to follow the manufacturer's instructions. Series, parallel, serial and parallel practical considerations In general, the most commonly used ones are the parallel connection of the speakers, but it should be noted that although some amplifiers can work on the surface under the impedance of the parallel connection, it may be the end of the power, we must understand the current output capability of the amplifier can be used, otherwise It may burn the amplifier and speaker system. For example, if a power amplifier has an impedance of 8 ohms, the average output voltage of the amplifier is 100V, and the maximum output current is 12A, which is equivalent to 1200W output. If the second speaker system is connected in parallel, the impedance drops to 4 ohms and the amplifier should provide twice the current (24A). But this is impossible because this current is beyond its limits. Some amplifiers have a "load matching system", such as LAB.GRUPPEN's MLSTM technology, which can be converted from 100V X12A mode to 80V X15A or 55V X22A mode if it is found to be unable to provide such a strong current. This will continue to work. Speakers are not just connected in series. They are all connected in series and parallel mode. In the case of a large number of speakers, the strings are 16 Euros and then 8 Euros or 4 Euros or even 2 Euros. The number of speakers is increased, the power is increased, and your power is increased. Also increase. In the case of the same model of the small power speaker, the connection method of this "principle" can be used. The speaker is not suitable for high power and different models. In a serial-parallel circuit, if the impedance of the two speakers is deviated (there are no speakers with the same impedance), the relative power of the larger impedance is greater than the one with a slightly smaller impedance. Moreover, after the serial connection, the parallel connection may occur, and if the burning failure occurs in the serially connected unit, or the voice coil is short-circuited, the rear speaker may be damaged and damaged. Therefore, it can be said that the stability and reliability of the speaker system in which the speakers are connected in parallel or in series and parallel are poor. It is very cautious in debugging, and it should be fine-tuned little by little. Of course, if you encounter a bunch of speakers and amplifiers that don't match them, you must carefully match them. Personally think: it is best that the resistance is the same, the power of the amplifier is 1.5 times that of the speaker; the impedance of the speaker is never allowed to be less than the impedance of the amplifier, and the impedance of the speaker can be slightly larger than the impedance of the amplifier. , but the difference between the two can not exceed 4 ohms. (1) In general, speakers with built-in crossover cannot be connected in series, otherwise it may appear after series connection: The positive speaker is more normal, and the negative speaker frequency is weaker than the positive speaker. When the volume is adjusted, the volume of the positive speaker is greater than that of the negative speaker. (2), professional external electronic crossover mode crossover speakers can be connected in series. Also, please remember that if the speaker's nominal impedance is different, it must not be connected in parallel. (3), professional speaker parallel is commonly used in engineering, but requires the same power, it is best to have the same model, 8 ohm speakers can only be connected in parallel 2, 12 ohm boxes can only be connected in parallel, because the resistance after parallel is low At 4 ohms, the amplifier is easily protected, the heat is significantly increased, and the sound quality is very noisy. Therefore, most of the power amplifier circuits are designed with a 4-16 ohm value. The main function of the Solar Charge Controller is to manage the charging and discharging process between the Solar Panel and the battery in the solar power generation system. Its main function is to protect the battery from overcharge and over-discharge damage, ensure battery charging efficiency, and stabilize the operation of the solar power generation system. eco worthy solar charge controller, solar panel controller types, solar charge controller and inverter, solar cell controller, solar panel battery charge controller Ningbo Autrends International Trade Co., Ltd. , https://www.aitsolarpanels.com
　　 Speaker impedance
Note: Suppose R represents the total impedance, R1 represents the impedance of a single speaker, and N represents the number of speakers.
Parallel: R= R1/N
Ohm's law:
Because the two speakers are connected in parallel, the voltage applied to the two speakers does not change and is the same, so the power consumed by a single speaker does not change, and the total power consumed is equal to the power of a single speaker multiplied by 2 - this is a test for your amplifier. The most common in reality is the parallel connection of the speakers.
Confirm the rated power and impedance of each amplifier before combining.
And the rated power and impedance of each speaker.
Second, we must strictly abide by the matching rules of speakers and amplifiers.
Such as: two 8 ohm, 350W box, the impedance becomes 4 ohms in parallel, the total power is 700W, can be pushed with 4 ohm 1000W power amplifier.
For example, there are 8 100W8 ohm speakers, one 800 watt per channel amplifier (4 ohms), which can be connected with 4 speakers per channel.
Some imported speakers in the world are divided, and the medium and high frequency are mostly 16 ohms. In this case, the general manufacturers will have professional guidance in the manual.
Main effect:
Charge control: The solar charge controller controls the charging process by monitoring the voltage and current generated by the solar panel to ensure that the battery is charged at the appropriate voltage and current to extend the battery life.
Overcharge protection: The solar charge controller can monitor the charging status of the battery, and when the battery is fully charged, it will automatically stop charging to avoid battery damage caused by overcharging.
Over-discharge protection: The solar charge controller can monitor the discharge state of the battery. When the battery power is lower than a certain level, it will automatically stop discharging to avoid battery damage caused by over-discharge.
Differences from other charge controllers:
The solar charge controller is a charge controller specially designed for solar power generation systems, the main differences are as follows:
Applicable Energy: The solar charge controller is suitable for solar power generation systems, mainly used to manage the charging and discharging process between solar panels and batteries. While other charge controllers may be suitable for different energy generation systems, such as wind energy, hydro energy, etc.
Charging characteristics: The solar charge controller is optimized for the characteristics of the solar panel, and can control the charging process according to the output power and voltage characteristics of the solar panel. Other charge controllers may be optimized for different types of energy generation characteristics.
Protection function: Solar charge controllers usually have overcharge protection and over-discharge protection functions to ensure the safe charging and discharging of batteries. Other charge controllers may have different protection functions, depending on the needs of the application scenario.
Overall, the main role of the solar charge controller is to manage the charging and discharging process in the solar power generation system, protect the battery from damage, and stabilize the system's operation. Compared with other charge controllers, it is optimized for the characteristics of solar power generation systems and has unique functions such as overcharge protection and over-discharge protection to meet the needs of solar power generation systems.