Recently, my students have frequently experienced the phenomenon of “cracking”: the seemingly simple design, but it can’t be adjusted, and people are going crazy. About a week ago, when Xiao Chen came to me, he couldn’t grasp the branches on the cliff. He wanted to let himself jump off the cliff. The monkeys wanted to tell me something obsessive. In these two days, Xiao Chen’s problem was solved, solved, and happy again. But Chang Wei’s problem is coming again.

The MSP430F169 MCU is used to implement SPI control for the program-controlled gain amplifier PGA280. Normally, the same MCU can control a 24-bit ADS1259, which is also normal. But both are soldered at the same time, and it is not possible to control them separately with CS chips. The problem is as simple as that, but it makes him feel bad.

Solving the problem is a matter of time. I don't worry, and I find that the problem is solved. It is exercise for them. I am happy. However, I found that they were in a state of chaos without exception: there was a problem, start to try left, try right, sometimes succeed, happy, eat back, no longer, and then try. Just so repeatedly toss, when there is always a breakdown, they start to get angry, anxious, and then the world to find someone to help, especially after falling into the water to find straw. This state lasted for more than 3 days and they started to get angry with me.

I told them that the failure is a good thing, the first exercise for you, the second rule out the hidden dangers. When it is not a last resort, I will not be able to go out. I only need to teach them the three major requirements for troubleshooting.

Troubleshooting is a matter of learning, and it is very good. But the cage and the system, the three must, with these three, there is no troubleshooting can not be checked: first, mentality. Second, strategy. Third, patience.

The first state of mind. You must be strongly grateful for the failure that has occurred. Thank you, God gave me this opportunity, I have to hold it firmly. You can imagine that you are Holmes. You haven't been working for a few months. It's no longer interesting to chat with Watson every day. I am eager to have a case. The Scotland Yard is helpless and waiting for you to go out. Only this kind of mentality can enable you to maintain an energetic mind, meticulous thinking and patience in the long-term struggle.

My biggest feature is here. When students report faults to me, I am usually very excited, listening to words, like listening to questions, they are careless, my eyes are sharp. I especially hope that my students can learn this.

The second strategy. This is technical work. Speak too much, and talk a little.

1) Repeat the fault to avoid random failure. For random failures, I am looking for another opportunity.

2) Protect the fault scene and not easily move. Whether it is software or hardware, it should be guaranteed to recover. Therefore, don't solder the chip at will, the chip under soldering should be placed and can be retrieved. In addition, the software must be backed up by serial number.

3) Don't make more than two changes at a time.

4) Develop habits and record all actions and facts with a small book. Changed a power supply, it seems like a trivial matter, it may be changed from A fault to B fault, your mind will be chaotic. Therefore, if you want to change the power supply, also record.

5) Emphasis on instruments and methods of operation. Every time you record facts, make sure the facts are true.

6) Learn to use logical thinking. Mainly, there are many possibilities for causing such a phenomenon of failure, one by one, the most likely to be the least likely.

7) Learn the order of investigation. There are two main factors affecting the troubleshooting sequence, the first failure probability, and the second troubleshooting difficulty. Of course, we must first test the most likely and the least difficult to check. But the two are not always so smart. For example, if you suspect that the A chip is broken, this is the most likely. However, it is very difficult to weld it, and it is difficult to carry out the inspection. You can check other possibilities first. This is a bit of luck and a bit of experience.

8) Learn the dichotomy and use it skillfully. The dichotomy is to divide the fault into two parts (or three parts, not too much, otherwise it will be chaotic), and then create some situations, find a way to determine which part, then subdivide, and gradually narrow the encirclement. In the past, when the Japanese devils checked the city, they used this method: a region and a regional power outage, to see where a power outage caused the telegraph signal to disappear, you can determine which area the sender is in, then narrow the regional power outage, and finally find Our underground workers. A few words are still unclear, I will look for opportunities to talk about it.

You should be more excited when you list all the possibilities of failure according to this meticulous way of thinking, and when there is no result in all investigations. Just like adding a 1V DC voltage to a 1k resistor, the measured current is not 1mA. You should have this mentality: It’s a ghost, isn’t Ohm’s law true?

At this point, find a teacher, find a friend, find someone to do. But who is doing this? Most students are at this stage and have completely collapsed.

Rigid PCB , the largest number of PCB manufactured

What is Rigid PCB - Rigid PCB Definition

Rigid PCB is a kind of Printed Circuit Board, and is the largest number of PCB manufactured. It is made of solid substrate material, which can effectively prevent the distortion of the circuit board. Perhaps the most common rigid PCB is the computer motherboard. The motherboard is a multi-layer PCB designed to distribute power from the power supply while allowing communication between all components of the computer, such as CPU, GPU and RAM.

Rigid PCB can be used in any position where the PCB itself needs to be set to a shape and maintained during the remaining life of the equipment. Rigid PCBs can be anything from simple single-layer PCBs to eight or ten-layer multi-layer PCBs.

Rigid PCB and Flexible PCB are totally different. One is flexible and the other is rigid. Therefore, their application scenarios are different. In addition, there are Rigid Flex PCB . There are similarities between them. However, all rigid PCB have single-layer, double-layer or multi-layer structure, so they have common application scope. This is the case.

Some characteristics of rigid PCB

• Rigid PCB is a kind of conventional PCB, which can not be like flexible PCB, because rigid PCB can not be twisted or folded into any shape, because it has FR4 reinforcement, which is very useful for increasing stiffness.

• Rigid PCB is made up of copper trances and paths which are incorporated on a single board in order to connect the different components on the board. The base material of the board is made of rigid substrate which gives rigidity and strength to the board.

• The computer motherboard is the best example of a rigid PCB with a rigid substrate material.

• Once rigid PCBs are manufactured, they cannot be modified or folded into any other shape.

• Rigid PCB is cheaper than flexible PCB. They are traditional PCBs and are widely used in many electronic products.

Rigid PCB Manufacturing

Substrate Layer - rigid PCB material

• Substrate layer, also referred base material, is made of fiber glass.

Multilayer Rigid PCB Stackup

Copper Layer

• On the top of substrate layer, there resides a copper foil which is laminated on the board with the help of added amount heat and adhesive.

Solder Mask Layer

• Solder Mask Layer houses above the copper layer.

Silkscreen Layer

• Silkscreen layer is located above solder mask layer.

The differences between Rigid PCB And Flexible PCB

• Most of the electronics made use of traditional rigid PCB. However, technology has been evolved and many products abandoned rigid PCBs because of their inability to get folded or twisted. This has erupted the idea of flexible PCB and soon it became the prerequisite for most of the professionals in the market.

• Manufacturing process of both rigid and flexible PCBs is same with some exceptions in terms of their flexibility, softness and cost.

• Some extra measures are required for processing Flex PCB when it comes to material handling. Also proper specifications are required in order to avoid any cracked solder joints when the board is bent.

• Flexible PCBs are most costly than rigid PCBs, however, we are referring here individual cost of the flexible PCB, it may happen the overall cost of the project using rigid PCB is higher than the cost of the flexible PCB, but individual cost of flexible PCB will be higher.

• Many cheap electronics make use of rigid PCBs including audio keyboards, desktop devices, solid state drives, toys and many electronic gadgets. However, flex circuits are observed in ultra high performance device because they don`t involve connectors also thinner than rigid boards and can be used in smart phones, cameras, tablets and GPS control system.

• Both rigid and flexible boards can be incorporated together to construct a unified product that comes with both strength and flexibility.

• Some flex PCBs follow the same design as rigid circuit design but they are not completely identical to the rigid circuit boards.

• Flexible PCBs provide flexible and bending solutions and they also require less space and are mostly Single Sided PCB .

When to Use Rigid and When to Use Flexible

• Rigid PCBs typically cost less than flex circuits. I say [typically" because when considering the total cost of ownership there are some applications that, when using flexible PCBs, may be less expensive compared to using rigid PCBs. To get a true and accurate understanding of the total cost of ownership, you first need to appreciate the fact that flex circuits may eliminate the need for components such as connectors, wire harnesses, and other circuit boards. By removing these components from a design, material cost, labor and assembly cost, and scrap cost are all reduced.

• Many electronic devices (laptop and desktop computers, audio keyboards, solid-state drives (SSDs), flat-screen TVs and monitors, children`s toys, and various electronic gadgets) employ rigid PCBs instead of flexible PCBs. However, flex circuits may be found in ultra-compact and/or high-performance devices, including GPS units, tablets, smart phones, cameras, and wearables.

• Greater sophistication is not the only reason to use flex circuits; low-tech applications,such as LED lights, may utilize flex circuit technology, in some cases because it makes installation much easier.

Rigid PCB Applications

• A computer motherboard is a perfect example of rigid PCB which is a Multilayer Rigid PCB, used to distribute electricity from power supply, and creates a conducting path between CPU, GPU and RAM.

• Rigid PCBs are manufactured in volumes and once they are designed, they can not be altered or modified and remain same throughout the entire life span of the project on which they are placed.

• Some low cost products make use rigid PCBs like toys, ,electronics gadgets, desktop devices and solid state devices.

• You should also have a look at Double Sided PCB , these are also Rigid PCBs.

Rigid Printed Circuit Board Manufacturer: Guaranteed Quick Delivery

Different Types of Rigid PCB Provided by JHY PCB

• Single Sided PCB: These rigid printed circuit boards feature metal trace on single side of the dielectric. Single sided rigid PCBs are ideal for rapid productions due to their manufacturability, as well as simple design.

• Double Sided PCB: As the name suggests, these printed circuit boards have a layer of dielectric sandwiched between two metal layers. The double sided rigid printed circuit boards have become an industry staple. Their applications vary from low to high temperature ranges, fine line surface mounting, solder coatings, and high copper builds.

• Multilayer PCB : Multi-layer rigid PCBs feature more than two conductive metal layers, which are clearly separated by equal dielectric layers. These circuit boards allow our PCB designers to create a vast range of interconnects, as well as applications.

Learn more about JHY PCB by exploring the manufacturing capability of Rigid Printed Circuit Board below. We can do more than you can imagine. 

Additional information

• Rigid Flex PCB Fabrication service
• Flex-Rigid PCB Technology
• Rigid Flex PCB Manufacturing Capability
• Flexible and Flex-Rigid PCB Applications
• Rigid PCB vs. Flexible PCB: How to choose?

Rigid PCB

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JingHongYi PCB (HK) Co., Limited , https://www.pcbjhy.com