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It is usually possible to judge whether the motor is blocked or not by the back electromotive force (BEMF) of the motor. BEMF varies depending on motor speed, load and supply voltage. The traditional stepper motor driver chip has no BEMF output, but includes a built-in stall detection algorithm. The customer can only set a fixed stall determination threshold in the register, which means that under real road conditions all settings must be “offline†preset before work, and cannot be adapted to real working conditions. The NCV70522 microstepping stepper motor driver provides BEMF output through the SLA pin, which means it can perform stall detection calculations in real time and adjust the detection level according to different conditions.
Algorithm application
The NCV70522 is a microstepping stepper motor driver for bipolar stepper motors. The chip is connected to an external microcontroller via an I/O pin and an SPI interface. The NCV70522 has a variety of output currents. It rotates the next microstep based on the pulse signal on the “NXT†input pin and the state of the direction register [DIRCTRL] or “DIR†input pin. The device provides subdivision from full steps to 32 microsteps and seven step modes selected by the SPI registers SM[2:0]. The NCV70522 contains the output of the SLA and can be used for stall detection algorithms and to adjust torque and speed calculations based on the BEMF of the motor. A typical application circuit diagram is shown. 
When the system is powered up, the microcontroller is initialized and the NCV70522 is reset. When these actions are completed, the coil current and step mode will be set. Then the motor drive will be enabled. The NXT pulse will be sent to implement the rotating motor. The motor speed is equal to the value of the NXT pulse frequency multiplied by the step subdivision mode.
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