Motor timing automatic commutation operation circuit

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The fan motor is timed to automatically reverse the running circuit. The dotted line in the figure is the electrical schematic of the motor M. C is a split-phase capacitor that is used to generate a rotating magnetic field to rotate M. L1 and L2 are windings with the same parameters and can be mutually main and auxiliary. The wiring of the relay K is switched to change the direction of rotation of M.
After the power switch s is turned on, M is powered forward. The DC power supply (DCl8V) charges the capacitor C3 through the potentiometer RP2 and the resistor R6, and the delay circuit composed of the single junction transistor V3 starts counting. When the voltage on C3 reaches the peak voltage of V3. V3 is turned on, and a pulse voltage is generated on the resistor R5 to the G and K poles of the thyristor V2. V2 is triggered to conduct, relay K is electrically connected, and the wiring of M changes and reverses. At this time, the normally open contact K of 1 is closed, and C3 is shorted, so that the delay circuit composed of V3 stops counting. At the same time, the forward voltage drop is small (about 0.3V) when V2 is turned on. Therefore, the potential of point A is close to 0V, and the male one delay circuit composed of single junction transistor V1 is turned on. The DC power supply (DCl8V) charges the capacitor C1 through the potentiometer RP1 and the resistor R1. When the voltage on C1 reaches the peak voltage of v1, a pulse voltage is generated on the resistor R3 to be applied to the A and K poles of V2, so that V2 is turned off, K is de-energized, and the M wiring is restored to resume normal rotation. After that, the circuit loops through the above process to realize M automatic timing commutation.

V2 uses plastic small unidirectional thyristor (BTl51 type 1A/400V), Cl and C3 select tantalum electrolytic capacitors, adjust the resistance of RPl and RP2 to change the forward and reverse time of M (up to about 12min). If you want to extend the time of forward and reverse, you can increase the resistance of RPl and RP2 or increase the capacity of c1 and c3 according to actual needs. Because M's forward and reverse time can be independently adjusted and do not affect each other. Therefore, adjustment and use is very convenient.

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