Professor of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, doctoral tutor, expert in laser additive manufacturing. Young scholars, winner of the National May 1st Labor Medal and the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars, "Changjiang Scholar Distinguished Professor", School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics. He is currently Professor of Responsibility for Materials Processing Engineering, Director of Materials Processing Engineering and Automation, and Chief Scientist of Aviation Materials and Structure at the National Laboratory for Aviation Science and Technology. 3D printing technology is only a "star member" in the manufacturing technology family, not a panacea, but also its scope of application. For example, for some components with very large size, very complicated structure and high performance requirements, 3D printing has advantages such as saving materials, facilitating processing, shortening cycle, and reducing cost compared with traditional material reduction processing technology. But if the parts are simple, the structure is not complicated, and large-scale production is required, the traditional process may be faster and cheaper. At present, the main applications of 3D printing technology include non-metallic parts additive manufacturing, biological tissue and organ additive manufacturing, and high-performance metal component additive manufacturing. 3D printing is still transformative for the entire manufacturing industry, and 3D printing and other advanced manufacturing technologies complement or play a greater role in future-oriented materials and process requirements. The biggest subversion brought by 3D printing technology is to change the structure first. The original designed structure is very good, but it cannot be realized by the traditional manufacturing technology. Now 3D printing is done one by one, really changing. Is the structure. Designers should learn more about this technology. Second, change the material. In the 3D printing process, it is possible to synthesize many materials that cannot be synthesized by conventional methods, and also solve the ceiling problem that cannot be solved in the conventional process of preparing materials. Therefore, 3D printing is both a new process and a new material. Third, changes in manufacturing technology, materials, structures, and manufacturing itself. 3D printing, if it is divided according to materials, is relatively simple, one is printing non-metal, the other is printing metal. Of course, there is also a so-called biological 3D printing, but biological 3D printing has nothing to do with additive manufacturing. It only provides a means for cultivating biological tissues. This biological tissue is cultivated and is grown by cell division. It is not printed, so it is a matter of life science. In general, 3D printing is only for metallic and non-metallic printing. At present, 3D printing mainly solves technical problems, and it is a long way to go to industrialization. Even for metal materials, not all materials are available, not all components are suitable. The future direction of 3D printing must be a new material for printing. I think 3D printing is like a Maxima, and its potential is great. Additive manufacturing and traditional manufacturing have their own advantages. Additive manufacturing is not a substitute for traditional manufacturing techniques, but it does have a lot of usefulness. Many people now mention the relationship between 3D printing technology and the third industrial revolution. I think first, it is by no means an equal sign. 3D printing technology is at best an element or part of the third industrial revolution. Second, the key factor that caused the third industrial revolution was not the 3D printing technology, because the third industrial revolution was already underway. I think 3D printing technology needs to be advanced, innovative, and rational.
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