Prof. Pan Jianwei from the University of Science and Technology of China and his colleagues Lu Chaoyang and Liu Naile and others have realized quantum machine learning algorithms for the first time in the world. Recently, the international authoritative physics journal "Physical Review Letter" published this paper [Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 110504 (2015)]. This is the groundbreaking experimental work of quantum computing in the field of big data analysis and artificial intelligence.

Machine learning is the core of artificial intelligence. By making machines simulate human learning behaviors and intelligently gaining experience from past experiences, it improves overall performance, reorganizes internal knowledge structures, and accurately infers unknown events. Machine learning has a wide range of applications in science and engineering, such as financial analysis, data mining, bioinformatics, and medical diagnostics. Machine learning algorithms such as e-commerce, handwriting input, and mail filtering are also widely used in some intelligent systems that are common in life.

With the advent of the era of big data, the electronic data generated by human beings is exploding in an explosion of doubling every two years. It is estimated that the total amount of data generated by humans over the past three years exceeds the total amount of data generated in previous thousands of years. On the other hand, with the advent of the post-Moore era, the size of classic computer chips is difficult to further shrink, and the further increase in computing speed is limited. Scientists predict that big data analysis tasks such as machine learning will face the huge challenge of big data explosion growth in the future.

In response to this challenge, governments and high-tech companies in major developed countries in Europe and the United States have been actively integrating research power and resources, rushing to the layout, and striving to take the lead in the application of quantum information technology. For example, in 2013, NASA and Google jointly established a quantum artificial intelligence laboratory. In 2014, the University of Oxford, Nokia, and Lockheed Martin, the world's largest arms supplier, built a quantum optimization and machine learning center.

In 2013, Professor Seth Lloyd of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) proposed theoretical predictions that using the quantum system's parallel computing advantages in processing high-dimensional vectors can bring about an order of magnitude acceleration for machine learning. Will be able to go far beyond the speed of the existing classic computer. Theoretical estimates, calculating the distance of two billion-billion-dimensional vectors, it takes about ten years to use the fastest classic computer with billions of operations per second, while quantum computers with GHz clock frequencies can take less than one. Seconds of time.

The Pan Jianwei team developed the world's leading research platform for the realization of optical quantum physics, and pioneered the implementation of quantum bit-based machine learning algorithms in the world. The core of the algorithm is to quickly extract the inner product, Euclidean distance and other information between different vectors by entanglement of microscopic quantum states and auxiliary qubits encoded by classical data. The reviewers unanimously evaluated the work as “very cutting edge, with a high degree of interest” and “taking the first step in the important and interesting topic of quantum machine learning”. International science news media such as PhysOrg reported on this work.

With the long-term support of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Science and Technology, and the Fund Committee, Pan Jianwei's team conducted systematic and strategic research on optical quantum computing, and achieved a series of groundbreaking results: the world's first five-photon, Six-photon and eight-photon entanglement were used to prepare the highest quality quantum dot single photon source, and a quantum computing demonstration and verification platform based on multiphoton bit manipulation was constructed. Photon logic gate, loss of coding, topological quantum error correction and multi-degree of freedom invisibility were developed. For the first time, the research on scalable quantum computing, such as the Shaw's large number decomposition algorithm, the quantum simulation of arbitrary sub-score statistics, the solution of linear equations quantum algorithm and the quantum artificial intelligence algorithm, has been maintained in the field of optical quantum computing. International leadership.

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