Power consumption is a major issue for designers of DC/DC converters in industrial and automotive applications because such applications require large currents but are limited in space. High-performance discrete components can be used to form high-efficiency voltage regulators, but the high cost and large footprint of the solution make this approach unbearable. The LT8612 / LT8613 high efficiency buck regulator integrates all the necessary components in a single IC, significantly reducing the size of the DC/DC converter, even in the face of high step-down ratios. These devices can also be connected in parallel to enhance output current capability and distribute load and heat.
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Other desirable features included in these regulators are: ultra-low quiescent current to maximize battery life; high switching frequency to minimize solution size and avoid noise sensitive bands.
High efficiency 42V, 6A regulator in 3mm x 6mm package
The LT8612 / LT8613 are 42V, 6A step-down monolithic regulators. Its integrated high-efficiency power switch consumes very low power, so these switches, boost diodes, internal compensation, and all necessary circuitry are sealed in a tiny 3mm x 6mm QFN package without overheating. Figure 1 shows a typical 5V/30W LT8612 converter with efficiency and power consumption as shown in Figure 2. Even at 24V input voltage, the LT8612 can produce 30W output with a temperature rise of no more than 50°C. At the other end of the load range, the LT8612 / LT8613 operates in low ripple Burst Mode® to increase efficiency at very low load conditions.
Figure 1: 5V/30W Step-Down Converter with LT8612
Figure 2: Efficiency and Power Consumption of the 5V/30W LT8612 Step-Down Converter shown in Figure 1.
EFFICIENCY: Efficiency
POWER LOSS: Power consumption
LOAD CURRENT: load current
The LT8612 / LT8613 has a minimum turn-on time as short as 40ns, allowing for very high VIN/VOUT ratios, even at very high switching frequencies. Switching frequencies up to 2.2MHz minimize the size and value of power inductors and output capacitors. In addition, the inductor size can be carefully changed based on output load requirements without the need for larger inductors for design, which is the result of the device's high-speed peak current mode architecture and reliable switching design.
Multiphase design enhances output current capability
In automotive and industrial applications, loads greater than 6A are not uncommon. For these relatively large currents, the multiphase design enhances the output capability of the LT8612 / LT8613 regulator. The LT8613 features a built-in rail-to-rail current sense amplifier with monitor and control pins for accurate input or output average current regulation. This current loop regulates the internal switch current limit so that the voltage across the ISP / ISN pin does not exceed the voltage set by the ICTRL pin. Another IMON pin is used to monitor the average current measured through the ISP / ISN pin. This current control provides accurate equalization between several LT8613s without the need for any additional control circuitry.
Figure 3 shows the three LT8613s connected in parallel to provide a circuit with up to 16A output. The top LT8613 is the main regulator, its output voltage is set to 4V, and the other two LT8613 are slave regulators whose output voltage is set slightly higher than 4V.
Figure 3: Three parallel LT8613s in a three-phase design provide 16A at 4V VOUT
To achieve current sharing between the three LT8613 regulators, the IMON pin of the main regulator LT8613 is connected to the ICTRL pin of the slave LT8613. The three LT8613 regulators are synchronized by a three-phase 700kHz clock signal (120° phase shift) generated by the LTC6909 oscillator. Figure 4 shows the thermal image of this three-phase LT8613 design. The similar temperature of these LT8613s indicates that the current between the three phases is evenly distributed. The efficiency of this design is shown in Figure 5.
Figure 4: Thermal image of a three-phase LT8613 design showing current sharing is balanced
Figure 5: Typical efficiency curve for the three-phase LT8613 design shown in Figure 3.
EFFICIENCY: Efficiency
LOAD CURRENT: load current
If you want to weight the current sharing between these phases, that is, to make the current evenly unbalanced, simply adjust the sense resistor values ​​across the ISP and ISN pins.
in conclusion
The LT8612 and LT8613 are fully integrated, high power density monolithic step-down regulators for challenging automotive and industrial applications. These regulators can be easily paralleled for high efficiency, high current applications, resulting in a compact footprint solution.